In this article, we are going to explain about Token Based Authentication using ASP.NET Web API 2, Owin, and Identity. As you know that a token is a piece of data created by server, and contains information to identify a particular user and token validity. The token will contain the user's information, as well as a special token code that user can pass to the server with every method that supports authentication, instead of passing a username and password directly.

What is Token Based Authentication?

Token-based authentication is a security technique that authenticates the users who attempt to log in to a server, a network, or some other secure system, using a security token provided by the server. An authentication is successful if a user can prove to a server that he or she is a valid user by passing a security token. The service validates the security token and processes the user request. After the token is validated by the service, it is used to establish security context for the client, so the service can make authorization decisions or audit activity for successive user requests.

The general concept behind a token-based authentication system is simple. Allow users to enter their username and password in order to obtain a token which allows them to fetch a specific resource - without using their username and password. Once their token has been obtained, the user can offer the token - which offers access to a specific resource for a time period - to the remote site.

What is ASP.NET Web API 2, Owin, and Identity?

This article is about Token Based Authentication using ASP.NET Web API 2, Owin, and Identity. ASP.NET Web API is a framework that makes it easy to build HTTP services that reach a broad range of clients, including browsers and mobile devices. ASP.NET Web API is an ideal platform for building RESTful applications on the .NET Framework. ASP.NET Identity is the reworked, flexible replacement for the old membership system that has been around since ASP.NET 2.0. ASP.NET Identity is more well designed and flexible than the old membership system and uses Owin middleware components for external logins such as Facebook, Google and Twitter.

Building the Back-End API

Step 1: Creating the Web API Project

Now create an empty solution and name it “AngularJSAuthentication” then add new ASP.NET Web application named “AngularJSAuthentication.API”, the selected template for project will be as the image below. Notice that the authentication is set to “No Authentication” taking into consideration that we’ll add this manually.

Step 2: Installing the needed NuGet Packages:

Now we need to install the NuGet packages which are needed to setup our Owin server and configure ASP.NET Web API to be hosted within an Owin server, so open NuGet Package Manger Console and type the below:

Install-Package Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Owin -Version 5.1.2

Install-Package Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb -Version 2.1.0

The  package “Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb” is used to enable our Owin server to run our API on IIS using ASP.NET request pipeline as eventually we’ll host this API on Microsoft Azure Websites which uses IIS.

Step 3: Add Owin “Startup” Class

Right click on your project then add new class named “Startup”. We’ll visit this class many times and modify it, for now it will contain the code below:
using Microsoft.Owin;
using Owin;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Http;
[assembly: OwinStartup(typeof(AngularJSAuthentication.API.Startup))]
namespace AngularJSAuthentication.API
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app)
        {
            HttpConfiguration config = new HttpConfiguration();
            WebApiConfig.Register(config);
            app.UseWebApi(config);
        }
    }
}

What we’ve implemented above is simple, this class will be fired once our server starts, notice the “assembly” attribute which states which class to fire on start-up. The “Configuration” method accepts parameter of type “IAppBuilder” this parameter will be supplied by the host at run-time. This “app” parameter is an interface which will be used to compose the application for our Owin server.

The “HttpConfiguration” object is used to configure API routes, so we’ll pass this object to method “Register” in “WebApiConfig” class.

Lastly, we’ll pass the “config” object to the extension method “UseWebApi” which will be responsible to wire up ASP.NET Web API to our Owin server pipeline.

Usually the class “WebApiConfig” exists with the templates we’ve selected, if it doesn’t exist then add it under the folder “App_Start”. Below is the code inside it:

    public static class WebApiConfig
    {
       public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
        {
            // Web API routes
            config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes();

            config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
                name: "DefaultApi",
                routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
                defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }            );
           var jsonFormatter = config.Formatters.OfType<JsonMediaTypeFormatter>().First();

            jsonFormatter.SerializerSettings.ContractResolver = new CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver();
        }
}

Step 4: Delete Global.asax Class

No need to use this class and fire up the Application_Start event after we’ve configured our “Startup” class so feel free to delete it.

Step 5: Add the ASP.NET Identity System

After we’ve configured the Web API, it is time to add the needed NuGet packages to add support for registering and validating user credentials, so open package manager console and add the below NuGet packages:

Install-Package Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin -Version 2.0.1

Install-Package Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework -Version 2.0.1

The first package will add support for ASP.NET Identity Owin, and the second package will add support for using ASP.NET Identity with Entity Framework so we can save users to SQL Server database.

Now we need to add Database context class which will be responsible to communicate with our database, so add new class and name it “AuthContext” then paste the code snippet below:

public class AuthContext : IdentityDbContext<IdentityUser>
    {
        public AuthContext()
            : base("AuthContext")
            }

As you can see this class inherits from “IdentityDbContext” class, you can think about this class as special version of the traditional “DbContext” Class, it will provide all of the Entity Framework code-first mapping and DbSet properties needed to manage the identity tables in SQL Server.

Step 6: Add Repository class to support ASP.NET Identity System

Now we want to implement two methods needed in our application which they are: “RegisterUser” and “FindUser”, so add new class named “AuthRepository” and paste the code snippet below:

    public class AuthRepository : IDisposable
    {
        private AuthContext _ctx;
        private UserManager<IdentityUser> _userManager;
        public AuthRepository()
        {
            _ctx = new AuthContext();
            _userManager = new UserManager<IdentityUser>(new UserStore<IdentityUser>(_ctx));
        }
        public async Task<IdentityResult> RegisterUser(UserModel userModel)
        {
          IdentityUser user = new IdentityUser
            {            UserName = userModel.UserName
            };
            var result = await _userManager.CreateAsync(user, userModel.Password);
            return result;
        }
        public async Task<IdentityUser> FindUser(string userName, string password)
        {
        IdentityUser user = await _userManager.FindAsync(userName, password);
            return user;
        }
        public void Dispose()
        {
            _ctx.Dispose();
            _userManager.Dispose();
        }
}

Step 7: Add our “Account” Controller

Now it is the time to add our first Web API controller which will be used to register new users, so under file “Controllers” add Empty Web API 2 Controller named “AccountController” and paste the code below:

[RoutePrefix("api/Account")]
    public class AccountController : ApiController
    {
          private AuthRepository _repo = null;
          public AccountController()
        {
           _repo = new AuthRepository();
        }
        // POST api/Account/Register
        [AllowAnonymous]
        [Route("Register")]
        public async Task<IHttpActionResult> Register(UserModel userModel)
        {
         if (!ModelState.IsValid)
            {
              return BadRequest(ModelState);
            }
            IdentityResult result = await _repo.RegisterUser(userModel);
            IHttpActionResult errorResult = GetErrorResult(result);
            if (errorResult != null)
            {
              return errorResult;
            }
              return Ok();
        }
        protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
        {
           if (disposing)
            {
              _repo.Dispose();
            }
            base.Dispose(disposing);
        }
        private IHttpActionResult GetErrorResult(IdentityResult result)
        {
          if (result == null)
            {
             return InternalServerError();
            }
            if (!result.Succeeded)
            {
              if (result.Errors != null)
                {
                  foreach (string error in result.Errors)
                    {
                     ModelState.AddModelError("", error);
                    }
                }
                if (ModelState.IsValid)
                {
                // No ModelState errors are available to send, so just return an empty BadRequest.
                    return BadRequest();
                }
                return BadRequest(ModelState);
            }
            return null;
        }
}

Step 8: Add Secured Orders Controller

Now we want to add another controller to serve our Orders, we’ll assume that this controller will return orders only for Authenticated users, to keep things simple we’ll return static data. So add new controller named “OrdersController” under “Controllers” folder and paste the code below:

[RoutePrefix("api/Orders")]
    public class OrdersController : ApiController
    {
     [Authorize]
        [Route("")]
        public IHttpActionResult Get()
        {
         return Ok(Order.CreateOrders());
        }
    }
    #region Helpers
    public class Order
    {
   public int OrderID
     {
      get;
      set;
     }
        public string CustomerName
         {
           get;
           set;
         }
        public string ShipperCity
        {
          get;
          set;
      }
        public Boolean IsShipped
       {   
         get;
         set;
      }
        public static List<Order> CreateOrders()
        {
         List<Order> OrderList = new List<Order>
            {
                new Order {OrderID = 10248, CustomerName = "Taiseer Joudeh", ShipperCity = "Amman", IsShipped = true },
                new Order {OrderID = 10249, CustomerName = "Ahmad Hasan", ShipperCity = "Dubai", IsShipped = false},
                new Order {OrderID = 10250,CustomerName = "Tamer Yaser", ShipperCity = "Jeddah", IsShipped = false },
                new Order {OrderID = 10251,CustomerName = "Lina Majed", ShipperCity = "Abu Dhabi", IsShipped = false},
                new Order {OrderID = 10252,CustomerName = "Yasmeen Rami", ShipperCity = "Kuwait", IsShipped = true}
            };
            return OrderList;
        }
   }
    #endregion

Step 9: Add support for OAuth Bearer Tokens Generation

Till this moment we didn’t configure our API to use OAuth authentication workflow, to do so open package manager console and install the following NuGet package:

Install-Package Microsoft.Owin.Security.OAuth -Version 2.1.0

After you install this package open file “Startup” again and call the new method named “ConfigureOAuth” as the first line inside the method “Configuration”, the implemntation for this method as below:

public class Startup
    {
    public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app)
        {
          ConfigureOAuth(app);
                    //Rest of code is here;
        }
        public void ConfigureOAuth(IAppBuilder app)
        {
          OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions OAuthServerOptions = new OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions()
            {
                AllowInsecureHttp = true,
                TokenEndpointPath = new PathString("/token"),
                AccessTokenExpireTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromDays(1),
                Provider = new SimpleAuthorizationServerProvider()
            };
            // Token Generation
            app.UseOAuthAuthorizationServer(OAuthServerOptions);
            app.UseOAuthBearerAuthentication(new OAuthBearerAuthenticationOptions());
        }}

Step 10: Implement the “SimpleAuthorizationServerProvider” class

Add new folder named “Providers” then add new class named “SimpleAuthorizationServerProvider”, paste the code snippet below:

public class SimpleAuthorizationServerProvider : OAuthAuthorizationServerProvider
    {
      public override async Task ValidateClientAuthentication(OAuthValidateClientAuthenticationContext context)
        {
  context.Validated();
        }
        public override async Task GrantResourceOwnerCredentials(OAuthGrantResourceOwnerCredentialsContext context)
       {
   context.OwinContext.Response.Headers.Add("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", new[] { "*" });
            using (AuthRepository _repo = new AuthRepository())
            {
   IdentityUser user = await _repo.FindUser(context.UserName, context.Password);
                if (user == null)
                {context.SetError("invalid_grant", "The user name or password is incorrect.");
                    return;
                }
         }
            var identity = new ClaimsIdentity(context.Options.AuthenticationType);
            identity.AddClaim(new Claim("sub", context.UserName));
            identity.AddClaim(new Claim("role", "user"));
            context.Validated(identity);
        }
    }

Step 11: Allow CORS for ASP.NET Web API

First of all we need to install the following NuGet package manger, so open package manager console and type:

Install-Package Microsoft.Owin.Cors -Version 2.1.0

Now open class “Startup” again and add the highlighted line of code (line 8) to the method “Configuration” as the below:

public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app)
        {
            HttpConfiguration config = new HttpConfiguration();
            ConfigureOAuth(app);
            WebApiConfig.Register(config);
            app.UseCors(Microsoft.Owin.Cors.CorsOptions.AllowAll);
            app.UseWebApi(config);        }

Step 12: Testing the Back-end API

Assuming that you registered the username “Taiseer” with password “SuperPass” in the step below, we’ll use the same username to generate token, so to test this out open your favorite REST client application in order to issue HTTP requests to generate token for user “Taiseer”. For me I’ll be using PostMan.

This article discusses integration of PayPal Payment in ASP.NET web application. Nowadays PayPal is the most popular payment gateway worldwide because it is totally free to integrate and PayPal does not charge anything for opening an account, you will pay PayPal when you get paid. And the amount is also lower than other payment gateways.

PayPal supports several types of payments:

• Payments for goods in the PayPal cart. PayPal is responsible for all operations supporting the cart in this case. Unfortunately, this option does not provide the maximum flexibility that is required to implement some projects, so the article does not consider this option.
• Recurring billing or subscription. PayPal provides a subscription capability; that means that a definite sum will be periodically transferred from the user's account to the seller's account. The user can unsubscribe anytime. The seller can specify the subscription's period and cost. He also can organize a trial period to let the user assess the quality of services he provides. The trial period can be either paid or free.
• "One click" shopping. Goods are not put into the cart in this case. This method also is used to pay for goods in a cart that was filled without PayPal. That's why this option provides maximum flexibility and full control of the cart.

Let’s start step by step work to integrate PayPal payment :

1.  Create PayPal account on PayPal Sandbox: Basically, PayPal provides an environment to developer that how they can integrate PayPal payment in their website. So just open URL: https://developer.paypal.com/ and click on SignUp option.

2. Create buyer (Personal Account) and one seller account (Business Account) PayPal account.

3. Having a valid PayPal API Token Key

4. Having PayPal business account email id

5. Create New Page on ASP.NET project and copy this script :

On ASPX PAGE:

<%@ Page Title="Home Page" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Site.master" AutoEventWireup="true"

    CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %>

 

<asp:Content ID="HeaderContent" runat="server" ContentPlaceHolderID="HeadContent">

</asp:Content>

<asp:Content ID="BodyContent" runat="server" ContentPlaceHolderID="MainContent">

    <div>

        <table width="700" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">

            <tr>

                <td height="60">

                    <b>Paypal Integration in ASP.NET</b>

                </td>

            </tr>

            <tr>

                <td height="40" align="center">

                    <asp:GridView ID="gvPayPal" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False" OnRowCommand="gvPayPal_RowCommand"

                        BackColor="#DEBA84" BorderColor="#DEBA84" BorderStyle="None" BorderWidth="1px"

                        CellPadding="3" CellSpacing="2">

                        <RowStyle ForeColor="#8C4510" BackColor="#FFF7E7" />

                        <Columns>

                            <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Product Name">

                                <ItemTemplate>

                                    <asp:Label ID="lblName" runat="server" Text='<%#Eval("prodName") %>'></asp:Label>

                                </ItemTemplate>

                            </asp:TemplateField>

                            <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Product Description">

                                <ItemTemplate>

                                    <asp:Label ID="lblDescription" runat="server" Text='<%#Eval("prodDesc") %>'></asp:Label>

                                </ItemTemplate>

                            </asp:TemplateField>

                            <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Product price">

                                <ItemTemplate>

                                    <asp:Label ID="lblProductPrice" runat="server" Text='<%#Eval("prodPrice") %>'></asp:Label>

                                </ItemTemplate>

                            </asp:TemplateField>

                            <asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Buy Now">

                                <ItemTemplate>

                                    <asp:ImageButton ID="ImageButton1" runat="server" ImageUrl="~/images/buy.png"

                                       Width="64" Height="64" CommandName="buy" CommandArgument="<%# ((GridViewRow) Container).RowIndex %>" />

                                </ItemTemplate>

                            </asp:TemplateField>

                        </Columns>

                        <FooterStyle BackColor="#F7DFB5" ForeColor="#8C4510" />

                        <PagerStyle ForeColor="#8C4510" HorizontalAlign="Center" />

                        <SelectedRowStyle BackColor="#738A9C" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" />

                        <HeaderStyle BackColor="#A55129" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" />

                        <SortedAscendingCellStyle BackColor="#FFF1D4" />

                        <SortedAscendingHeaderStyle BackColor="#B95C30" />

                        <SortedDescendingCellStyle BackColor="#F1E5CE" />

                        <SortedDescendingHeaderStyle BackColor="#93451F" />

                    </asp:GridView>

                </td>

            </tr>

        </table>

        <!-- PayPal Logo -->

        <table border="0" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0" align="center">

            <tr>

                <td align="center">

                </td>

            </tr>

            <tr>

                <td align="center">

                    <a style="cursor:pointer;" title="Paypal payment gateway center" onclick="javascript:window.open('https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=xpt/Marketing/popup/OLCWhatIsPayPal-outside','olcwhatispaypal','toolbar=no, location=no, directories=no, status=no, menubar=no, scrollbars=yes, resizable=yes, width=400, height=350');">

                        <img src="https://www.paypal.com/en_US/i/bnr/horizontal_solution_PPeCheck.gif" border="0"

                            alt="Solution Graphics"></a>

                </td>

            </tr>

        </table>

        <!-- PayPal Logo -->

    </div>

</asp:Content>

On CS PAGE :

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Web;

using System.Web.UI;

using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

using System.Configuration;

using System.Data.SqlClient;

using System.Data;

 

public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page

{

    SqlConnection Con = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ApplicationServices"].ToString());

    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();

    SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter();

    DataTable dt = new DataTable();

    DataRow dr;

 

    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

    {

        if (!Page.IsPostBack)

        {

            //Add some column to datatable display some products information           

            dt.Columns.Add("prodName");

            dt.Columns.Add("prodDesc");

            dt.Columns.Add("prodPrice");

 

            //Add rows with datatable and bind in the grid view

            dr = dt.NewRow();

            dr["prodName"] = "MindStick Cleaner";

            dr["prodDesc"] = "Cleans all system dummy data";

            dr["prodPrice"] = "$100.00";

            dt.Rows.Add(dr);

 

            dr = dt.NewRow();

            dr["prodName"] = "MindStick DataConverter";

            dr["prodDesc"] = "Helps to import export data in different format";

            dr["prodPrice"] = "$120.00";

            dt.Rows.Add(dr);

 

            dr = dt.NewRow();

            dr["prodName"] = "MindStick SurveyManager";

            dr["prodDesc"] = "Helps creating survey page with specified format dll";

            dr["prodPrice"] = "$140.00";

            dt.Rows.Add(dr);

 

            dr = dt.NewRow();

            dr["prodName"] = "MindStick TeraByte Importer";

            dr["prodDesc"] = "Data transfer utility";

            dr["prodPrice"] = "$30.00";

            dt.Rows.Add(dr);

 

            gvPayPal.DataSource = dt;

            gvPayPal.DataBind();

        }

    }

 

    protected void gvPayPal_RowCommand(object sender, GridViewCommandEventArgs e)

    {

        if (e.CommandName == "buy")

        {

            ImageButton ib = (ImageButton)e.CommandSource;

            int index = Convert.ToInt32(ib.CommandArgument);

            GridViewRow row = gvPayPal.Rows[index];

 

            //Get each Column label value from grid view and store it in label

            Label pName = (Label)row.FindControl("lblName");

            Label pDescription = (Label)row.FindControl("lblDescription");

            Label pPrice = (Label)row.FindControl("lblProductPrice");

 

            //Here store that person name who are going to make transaction

            Session["user"] = "Arun Singh";

 

            // make query string to store logged in user information in sql server table         

            string query = "";

            query = "insert into purchase(pname,pdesc,price,uname) values('" + pName.Text + "','" + pDescription.Text + "','" + pPrice.Text.Replace("$", "") + "','" + Session["user"].ToString() + "')";

            Con.Open();

            cmd = new SqlCommand(query, Con);

            cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();

            Con.Close();

 

            //Pay pal process Refer for what are the variable are need to send http://www.paypalobjects.com/IntegrationCenter/ic_std-variable-ref-buy-now.html

 

            string redirectUrl = "";

 

            //Mention URL to redirect content to paypal site

            redirectUrl += "https://www.sandbox.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_xclick&business=" + ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["paypalemail"].ToString();

 

            //First name I assign static based on login details assign this value

            redirectUrl += "&first_name=Arun_Seller";

           

            //Product Name

            redirectUrl += "&item_name=" + pName.Text;

 

            //Product Amount

            redirectUrl += "&amount=" + pPrice.Text;

 

            //Business contact paypal EmailID

            redirectUrl += "&[email protected]";

 

            //Shipping charges if any, or available or using shopping cart system

            redirectUrl += "&shipping=5";

 

            //Handling charges if any, or available or using shopping cart system

            redirectUrl += "&handling=5";

 

            //Tax charges if any, or available or using shopping cart system

            redirectUrl += "&tax=5";

 

            //Quantiy of product, Here statically added quantity 1

            redirectUrl += "&quantity=1";

 

            //If transactioin has been successfully performed, redirect SuccessURL page- this page will be designed by developer

            redirectUrl += "&return=" + ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["SuccessURL"].ToString();

 

            //If transactioin has been failed, redirect FailedURL page- this page will be designed by developer

            redirectUrl += "&cancel_return=" + ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["FailedURL"].ToString();

 

            Response.Redirect(redirectUrl);

        }

    }

}

 

On DESIGN PAGE :

USE [MyDatabase]

GO

 

/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[purchase]    Script Date: 01/27/2013 09:26:07 ******/

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

 

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

 

SET ANSI_PADDING ON

GO

 

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[purchase](

      [Id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,

      [PName] [nvarchar](100) NULL,

      [PDesc] [nvarchar](100) NULL,

      [Price] [money] NULL,

      [Uname] [varchar](50) NULL,

 CONSTRAINT [PK_purchase] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

(

      [Id] ASC

)WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON) ON [PRIMARY]

) ON [PRIMARY]

 

GO

 

SET ANSI_PADDING OFF

GO

On web.config file:

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<!--

  For more information on how to configure your ASP.NET application, please visit

  http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=169433

  -->

<configuration>

  <connectionStrings>

    <add name="ApplicationServices" connectionString="data source=Arun-PC;Integrated Security=true; Initial Catalog= MyDatabase; User Id= Arun-PC; Password= mindstick;" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"/>

  </connectionStrings>

  <system.web>

    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0"/>

    <authentication mode="Forms">

      <forms loginUrl="~/Account/Login.aspx" timeout="2880"/>

    </authentication>

    <membership>

      <providers>

        <clear/>

        <add name="AspNetSqlMembershipProvider" type="System.Web.Security.SqlMembershipProvider" connectionStringName="ApplicationServices" enablePasswordRetrieval="false" enablePasswordReset="true" requiresQuestionAndAnswer="false" requiresUniqueEmail="false" maxInvalidPasswordAttempts="5" minRequiredPasswordLength="6" minRequiredNonalphanumericCharacters="0" passwordAttemptWindow="10" applicationName="/"/>

      </providers>

    </membership>

    <profile>

      <providers>

        <clear/>

        <add name="AspNetSqlProfileProvider" type="System.Web.Profile.SqlProfileProvider" connectionStringName="ApplicationServices" applicationName="/"/>

      </providers>

    </profile>

    <roleManager enabled="false">

      <providers>

        <clear/>

        <add name="AspNetSqlRoleProvider" type="System.Web.Security.SqlRoleProvider" connectionStringName="ApplicationServices" applicationName="/"/>

        <add name="AspNetWindowsTokenRoleProvider" type="System.Web.Security.WindowsTokenRoleProvider" applicationName="/"/>

      </providers>

    </roleManager>

  </system.web>

  <appSettings>

    <add key="token" value="(insert your paypal API Signature) "/>

    <add key="paypalemail" value="(insert with paypal login email id)"/>

    <!--Here i used sandbox site url only if you hosted in live change sandbox to live paypal URL-->

    <add key="PayPalSubmitUrl" value="https://www.sandbox.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr"/>

    <add key="FailedURL" value="http://localhost:49666/PayPalIntegration/Failed.aspx"/> <!--Failed Page URL-->

    <add key="SuccessURL" value="http://localhost:49666/Default.aspx"/> <!--Success Page URL-->

  </appSettings>

  <system.webServer>

    <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true"/>

  </system.webServer>

</configuration>

6. Run the project to see the result.

 

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In this article I will give you SEO tips for your ASP.NET site. Search Engine Optimization is the process of improving the visibility of a website on organic ("natural" or un-paid) search engine result pages (SERPs), by incorporating search engine friendly elements into a website. SEO helps to ensure that a site is accessible to a search engine and improves the chances that the site will be found by the search engine.

ASP.NET (originally called ASP+) is the next generation of Microsoft's Active Server Page (ASP), a feature of their Internet Information Server (IIS). The latest version of ASP.NET is ASP.NET 4.5.2. Well, here are 10 tips on SEO for your ASP.NET website.

1. PAGE TITLE

Every page in your website should have a unique and descriptive page title that can describe what the page offers. You can set the Page Title either declaratively or in the code behind file.
This is very easy to achieve, and has a big influence on your site's ranking: don't use static titles. The <title> tag is one of the best ways to optimize a site for a special topic or keyword. Don't use a dozen keywords in the title tag, because you're "paying in" for each and every keyword - "paying in" means, that the weight of your site gets divided for all the keywords mentioned in the title tag. Choose one or two keywords, or a keyword-combination, to achieve relevance and a good ranking.

2. HYPERLINK

Make sure all your links in your page are hyperlinks. Search engines can crawl a page only if it is linked through a hyper link (anchor tag). JavaScript navigations are not search engine friendly since search engines will not understand it.

3. META KEYWORD AND META DESCRIPTION

Add Meta keyword and Meta description tag with relevant contents. Search engines will use these tags to understand what the page offers.

4.  DESCRIPTIVE URL

Make your website URL descriptive. URL’s that has lots of query string values, numeric ids are not descriptive. It will provide enough information what the page offers. For example, http://asphostportal.com/products.aspx?plan=B11E9918-BEC3-4DAA-A54B-0EC7E8742D9E is not descriptive as http://asphostportal.com/Windows-Shared-Hosting-Plans

5. ALT FOR IMAGES, TITLE FOR ANCHOR

Add ALT text for images and Title for hyperlinks. The ALT text will be displayed when the browser cannot display the image for some reasons. Search engines will not be able to read the image and ALT text will give some hint about the image which the search engine can use.

6.  DESIGN YOUR PAGE LIGHTER

Try to design your page with very less media contents like images, flash objects, Silverlight objects, ActiveX objects, etc. Search engines can only read HTML contents. A page that is entirely build on flash or Silverlight are not search engine friendly since the search engine robots cannot find any textual contents in those pages.

7. HEADER TAGS

Use Header tags (H1, H2, H3, H4, H5 and H6) wherever appropriate instead of styling the text in SPAN tags. These Header tags are search engine friendly. You can use this tag efficiently to organize your page headings and sub headings.
For example, you can put your page top most heading in H1, sub heading in H2, sub-sub heading in H3, etc that represents a proper hierarchy of your page contents.

8. LIMIT THE NUMBER OF LINKS PER PAGE

Previously there was a limit in number of links (100 links per page) the Google search engine will index on a page. This restriction is now no more. But it is still advisable to have limited number of links in your pages to avoid any adverse effect on your site rank.  This is to prevent link spamming and to preserve the page rank.

9. BUILD SITEMAP

Always have a sitemap file that can guide users and search engines to navigate your site pages easily. It is really necessary to have 2 site maps for a site, an xml sitemap file used by the search engines and an html sitemap file for the website users. You can submit your xml sitemap or RSS feed to Google Webmaster tools.

10.  MAKE SEO FRIENDLY PAGERS

Always construct search engine friendly pager links when displaying list of items in a summary page. For example, product list, article list page, etc. A link is called search engine friendly if it is anchor tag (<A>) that has a reachable url in its href property through GET request.